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The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) plays a crucial role in enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate against a job applicant or an employee based on various characteristics such as race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, or genetic information. This involves investigating discrimination complaints, mediating disputes, and launching lawsuits when necessary to protect employees' rights.

The primary mission of the EEOC ensures that individuals have equal access to employment opportunities and that workplaces are free from bias and discrimination. By fulfilling this function, the EEOC helps uphold the principle of fair treatment in the workplace, which is fundamental to creating a diverse and inclusive work environment.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately represent the scope of the EEOC's responsibilities. Providing job training programs, approving job descriptions, and managing employee benefits are not within the jurisdiction of the EEOC, as these tasks pertain more to workforce development, human resources management, or benefits administration.